Physiotherapy exam 2017-05-19 Degrees: Physiotheraphy Date: May 19, 2017 Probability and random variables Question 1 The prevalence of sciatica in a population is 3%. The Lasegue’s test is a neurotension test that is used to diagnose the sciatica with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 26%. On the other hand, there is an alternative test with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 90%. Compute the positive predictive value for the Lasegue’s test. Assuming that the tests are independent, compute the probability of having a positive outcome in both tests. Compute the probability of getting a wrong diagnose in the Lesegue’s test or in the alternative test. Which test is better as a screening test (to rule out the sciatica)? Solution $PPV=P(D|+)=0.0366$. It is not a goot test to confirm the sciatica as the post test probability of having the sciatica for a positive outcome is very low. Naming $L⁺$ to the event of having a positive outcome in Lasegue’s test and $A⁺$ to the event of having a positive outcome in the alternative test: $P(L^+\cap A^+)=P(L^+)P(A^+)=0.7451\cdot 0.121 = 0.0902$. Naming $WL$ to the event of having a wrong diagnose with Lasegue’s test and $WA$ to the event of having a wrong diagnose with the alternative test: $P(WL\cup WA)=P(WL)+P(WA)-P(WL\cap WA)=0.7205+ 0.103-0.7205\cdot0.103=0.7493$. Lesegue test: $NPV=P(\overline D|-)=0.9894$. Alternative test: $NPV=P(\overline D|-)=0.9932$. Thus, the alternative test is better to rule out the sciatica. Question 2 A physiotherapist opens a clinic and use the social networks to advertise it. In particular he send a friend request to 20 contacts on Facebook. If the probability that a Facebook user accept the friend request is 80%, what is the probability that more than 18 accept the friend request? What is the expected number of friend requests accepted? Solution Naming $X$ to the number of accepted friend request, $X\sim B(20,0.8)$ and $P(X>18)=0.0692$. The expected number of accepted friend request is $16$. Question 3 According to a study of the Information Society of Spain in 2013, the spanish checks the mobile phone 150 times a day in average. What is the probability that a spanish person checks the mobile phone more than 2 times an hour? Solution Naming $X$ to the number of times that a spanish person checks the phone in an hour, $X\sim P(6.25)$ and $P(X>2)=0.9483$. Question 4 The the cervical rotation in a population follows a normal probability distribution model with mean 58º and standard deviation 6º. Between what values are the cervical rotation of the central 50% of the population? Taking into account the precision of the measurement instrument, a goniometer, a rotation less than 53º is considered a mobility limitation. If we take a random sample of 100 persons from this population, what is the expected number of persons with mobility limitation in the sample? Solution Naming $X$ to the cervical rotation, $X\sim N(58, 6)$. $(Q1,Q3)=(53.9531, 62.0469)$. $P(X<53)=0.2023$ and the expected number of persons with mobility limitation in a sample of 100 persons is $20.2328$. Exam Statistics Biostatistics Physiotherapy Previous Physiotherapy exam 2017-06-02 Next Physiotherapy exam 2017-03-31